Water

Importance of Water

• All living beings (humans, animals, and plants) need water to survive.
• Water is used for drinking, bathing, cooking, washing, and cleaning.
• Without water, life cannot exist on Earth.
• Plants need water to grow and prepare food.

Sources of Water

• Natural sources: rain, rivers, lakes, ponds, seas, and oceans.
• Man-made sources: wells, handpumps, canals, and tanks.
• Rain is the main source that fills rivers, lakes, and underground water.
• Groundwater is drawn using pumps, wells, and borewells.

Uses of Water in Daily Life

• Domestic use: cooking, cleaning, washing clothes, and bathing.
• Agriculture: farmers use water to grow crops.
• Industries: water is used in factories for making goods.
• Recreation: swimming, boating, and fishing also need water.

Water in Animals’ Lives

• Animals drink water to stay alive.
• Birds bathe and cool themselves in water.
• Aquatic animals like fish, crabs, and turtles live in water.
• Many animals depend on ponds, rivers, and lakes for survival.

Problems of Water Shortage

• In summer, many wells, ponds, and rivers dry up.
• People have to travel long distances to fetch water.
• Lack of water affects farming and daily life.
• Shortage of water also harms animals and plants.

Human Environment

• Early humans lived in close harmony with nature.
• With time, humans modified the environment → invention of wheel, agriculture, industries, trade, transport, communication.
• Today, humans create cities, machines, and technology that change nature.

Ways to Save Water

• Do not waste water while bathing, washing, or brushing.
• Collect and store rainwater (rainwater harvesting).
• Close taps properly after use.
• Reuse water for cleaning and gardening wherever possible.

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