Our Vibrant Country

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Republic Day Celebration

  • Celebrated every year on 26 January to mark the adoption of the Constitution (1950).
  • School celebrations include flag hoisting, singing the National Anthem, parades, and cultural events.
  • The National Flag colours: saffron (courage), white (peace), green (prosperity), and the Ashoka Chakra (duty).
  • The Delhi parade showcases Army, Navy, Air Force, state tableaux, and cultural diversity.

Independence and Constitution

  • India became independent on 15 August 1947 after a long struggle.
  • Independence gave freedom, but rules were needed for smooth governance.
  • The Constitution (special book of rules) came into effect on 26 January 1950.
  • Republic Day celebrates India becoming a Republic with its own laws.

Finding India in Currency Notes

  • Indian currency notes feature Mahatma Gandhi’s image (including a hidden watermark).
  • Notes display multiple languages, symbols, and monuments.
  • The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan logo (Gandhi’s spectacles) is also printed.
  • Special features like raised prints and the MANI app help the visually impaired identify notes.

National Symbols

  • National Emblem (3 lions) represents strength, courage, and confidence.
  • Other symbols: Tiger (national animal), Peacock (bird), Lotus (flower), Banyan tree (tree).
  • Symbols unite people and reflect pride in India’s identity.
  • States also have their own state symbols (animal, bird, flower, tree).

Our Vibrant Culture (Languages, Food, Clothing)

  • India has 1,000+ languages, with 22 officially recognised.
  • Food, clothing, songs, and dances differ across regions.
  • Currency notes list several languages, showing India’s linguistic richness.
  • Mobile apps now help in translation between Indian languages.

Diversity Everywhere

  • Diversity is compared to a forest: many plants and animals make it strong and self- sufficient.
  • Headgear varies across regions: pagri/saafa (Rajasthan), Himachali topi (Himachal).
  • Headgear also used for protection (soldiers’ helmets, construction helmets, bike helmets).
  • Diversity makes India colourful, strong, and united.

Art, Music, and Dance

  • India has a rich variety of art forms, dances, and music.
  • Instruments differ: tabla, mridangam, sitar, shehnai, dhol, nagara, etc.
  • Dance forms are linked to different states (e.g., Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Odissi).
  • Arts bring people together for celebrations, prayers, and storytelling.

Art, Music, and Dance

  • India has a rich variety of art forms, dances, and music.
  • Instruments differ: tabla, mridangam, sitar, shehnai, dhol, nagara, etc.
  • Dance forms are linked to different states (e.g., Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Odissi).
  • Arts bring people together for celebrations, prayers, and storytelling.